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Bosnia and Herzegovina: Venice Commission recommendations on draft amendments to the Law on the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council

In an opinion adopted on Friday 19 March (Bosnia and Herzegovina - Opinion on the draft Law on amendments to the Law on the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council, Adopted by the Venice Commission at its 126th Plenary Session (online, 19-20 March 2021), the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission) welcomes Bosnia and Herzegovina’s efforts to respond to the criticism raised against the Law on the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council (HJPC) and the actual performance of the HJPC by bringing targeted amendments to the Law, which cover four issues, namely conflicts of interest and transparency, disciplinary procedures for judges and prosecutors, judicial review of HJPC decisions and removal of HJPC members.

The Venice Commission regrets that the Draft Law omits to deal with many of the issues that have been repeatedly raised in previous Venice Commission opinions and makes several recommendations to the authorities concerning the new provisions. Notably, it observes that many of them are too vaguely drafted, and it urges the authorities to make them more precise.

Also, the Venice Commission calls for revising the list of disciplinary offences for judges and prosecutors, also in light of the recommendations made in the 2014 opinion, and recommends that a new provision, listing the specific disciplinary offences of HJPC members, be added to the Draft Law.

It further insists that all substantive decisions adopted by the HJPC be reasoned and subject to judicial review under the Law on Administrative Disputes of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

According to the opinion, the establishment of a system of control of assets and interests declarations (Integrity Unit) is welcome, but more precise rules should be introduced in the Draft Law itself for its functional independence, composition and operation as well as for the role of experts engaged in monitoring.

The Venice Commission recognises that the amendments are in no way meant to preclude the adoption of a comprehensive legal act on the HJPC that would be fully aligned with international standards and strongly encourages the country’s authorities to take into account recommendations formulated in its previous opinions adopted in 2012 and 2014 as well as the European Union reports on the matter.

The opinion was prepared under the Expertise Co-ordination Mechanism in the framework of the joint European Union and Council of Europe programme “Horizontal Facility for the Western Balkans and Turkey 2019-2022”.

Strasbourg 23 March 2021
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What is the Expertise Co-ordination Mechanism?

The Expertise Co-ordination Mechanism (ECM) provides expertise within the Council of Europe system to respond to requests for legislative expertise and policy advice on strengthening justice, fighting economic crime and combating discrimination, as well as freedom of expression and the media, and constitutional issues falling within the mandate of the European Commission for Democracy through Law (known as the Venice Commission). This is done in full respect of the independence and functioning specificities of the Council of Europe monitoring mechanisms and provides a key support to accession processes to the EU. If there are Horizontal Facility actions in the field of interest in respective Beneficiary, the request for an expert opinion can be accommodated directly by those actions.

 

Who can make a request for an expert opinion under the ECM?

Ministers (and other members of the government), the speaker of parliament, heads of parliamentary committees, Ombudsperson institutions or independent state institutions of the Beneficiary concerned (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo*, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Türkiye) can make a request for an expert opinion under the ECM.

Furthermore, specifically for issues which fall within the area of competence of the Venice Commission, the European Union as well as Council of Europe organs (i.e. the Secretary General, Committee of Ministers, Parliamentary Assembly and the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities) can also submit requests for ECM assistance.

In addition, requests for amicus curiae briefs by the Venice Commission can also be made by constitutional courts.

*This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo Declaration of Independence.